RA-L Information for Authors

Scope

The scope of RA-L is to publish peer-reviewed articles that provide a timely and concise account of innovative research ideas and application results, reporting significant theoretical findings and application case studies in areas of robotics and automation.

Keywords

Specifically involved are the topical areas and keywords listed here. All keywords should be interpreted as requiring relevance to robotics and/or automation. For example, "Deep Learning Methods" represents "Deep Learning Methods in/for Robotics and Automation".

Submission site

Papers for RA-L and RA-L with conference option are submitted through the Paperplaza system: ras.papercept.net/journals/ral. Make sure to read this webpage in its entirety before submitting.

Types of Submission

Letters:

RA-L will publish manuscripts reporting on innovative ideas and results that need to be rapidly published in a concise form.

Letters are six pages long in two-column IEEE format (see below for details), including figures and references, with up to two extra pages with extra page charges, for a maximum of eight pages. Inclusion of multimedia material – videos, data repositories, code sources, etc. – are welcome. Other supplementary material, such as appendices, cannot be included beyond the allowed eight pages.

RA-L is an electronic-only, hybrid open-access journal. The final version provided by the authors will be rapidly posted on IEEE XPlore, and will be replaced by an edited, XML tagged version soon after. Submission of Letters to RA-L is open throughout the year.

Submitted manuscripts will be either published within six months from reception or rejected. RA-L papers are published online very soon after acceptance, so authors should complete any intellectual property/patent steps before submission.

RA-L uses single-blind review: The articles in this journal are peer reviewed in accordance with the requirements set forth in the IEEE Publication Services and Products Board Operations Manual (https://pspb.ieee.org/images/files/files/opsmanual.pdf). Each published article was reviewed by a minimum of two independent reviewers using a single-blind peer review process, where the identities of the reviewers are not known to the authors, but the reviewers know the identities of the authors.

Submitting a previously published Conference paper and the “evolutionary paradigm”:

The RA-Letters will not consider submissions that are currently under review for a conference (except under the Conference Option scheme).

In principle, RA-L may consider submissions that have been published in the Proceedings of an IEEE conference, provided that the manuscript follow the “evolutionary paradigm” of IEEE, i.e., if it incorporates substantial improvements and it openly discloses the source(s) and discusses the changes. However, because the length of a Letter is comparable to that of most Conference papers and RA-L are intended to publish novel results rapidly and concisely, application of such “evolutionary paradigm” to Letters is difficult. Submission to Transactions of an evolved version of a previous conference paper is instead considered natural. Notice that the “evolutionary paradigm” does not apply between Letters and Transactions, because they are both archival Journal publications.

Submitting a previously rejected paper:

In some cases, RA-L Editors encourage authors of a rejected paper to consider rewriting it and resubmitting it as a new submission. This may happen when we recognize that ideas proposed are good, but the signficant changes needed to make the paper publishable are too substantial to fit in the tight RA-L schedule for publication. Note that if you have submitted to RA-L with a Conference option, you cannot resubmit a rejected paper to RA-L while the conference is still considering the paper. Papers that have received a decision of "Rejected" or "Unsuitable" are both considered rejected papers.

When submitting a new version of a previously rejected paper, authors MUST

Indicate the submission number of the previously rejected version in the paperplaza submission process
Prepare and include with your submission a single pdf file that includes: (1) an authors' response providing details on how each comment received from the Editors and Reviewers have been resolved in the new version, followed by (2) a version of the paper with changes from the previous version highlighted (e.g., with modified text in a different color). Failure to do so may result in automatic rejection of the resubmission.
Immediately after the new paper is submitted, forward the submission confirmation email to EiC.RA.Letters@ieee.org.

Best Paper Awards

Every year, the Editorial Board selects papers appeared in the previous year for an IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters Best Paper Awards.

Review Procedure

After the first submission of their manuscript, authors will be notified of reception and of the Editor of RA-L who will supervise the review. Authors will receive the first decision, along with review comments, within three months from submission.

The first decision can be one of three types: Accept for Publication, Reject, or Revise and Resubmit.

If the first decision is Accept for Publication, authors are required to submit the camera-ready version of their paper within two weeks.

If the first decision is Revise and Resubmit, authors can resubmit a revised version along with an Author Response and Diff File indicating how comments by the Editor and by reviewers have been addressed. This is a single pdf file that includes: (1) A detailed response to the review that explains how each comment received from the Editors and Reviewers have been resolved in the new version, followed by (2) A version of the paper with changes from the previous version highlighted (e.g., with text in a different color). Failure to do so may result in automatic rejection of the resubmission. The revision must be resubmitted within 30 days from receipt of the first decision. Failure to meet this deadline means the paper will be automatically moved to the Reject category: unfortunately, the tight timeline of the Letters will allow no extensions or exceptions to this rule.

Authors will receive a second and final decision within 5 months from initial submissions. Final decisions are only of two types, Accept for Publication or Reject.

If the final decision is Accept for Publication, authors are required to submit the camera-ready version of their paper within two weeks. This final version must also be acommpanied by an Author Response and Diff File as described above. The Editor verifies that the final version of an Accepted paper satisfies all conditions indicated in the Acceptance letter. The Editor can withhold publication until all required changes are satisfactorily made. In addition, the Editorial Assistant will check that the paper formatting is correct. Formatting revisions must be made immediately and also accompanied by a very brief Author Response and Diff File explaining only how the formatting was corrected. In case a published version of the paper is not achieved by authors within 180 days from submission, which is the time limit for publication of Letters, the paper could be rejected and not published.

Upon receipt of the final version of the paper from the authors, and provided that all formatting and style requirements are met, the camera-ready PDF file will appear as a Rapid Posting preprint on Xplore. Rapid Posting preprints are citable papers and have a DOI.

Any paper submitted to RA-L will be published on IEEE Xplore in six months, or be rejected.

Shortly after Rapid Posting preprint appearance, a moderately edited and XML tagged version will be prepared by IEEE, submitted as galley proofs to the Authors, and eventually published in replacement of the preprint.

IEEE Policy Regarding Intellectual Property Protection

IEEE takes the protection of intellectual property seriously. Accordingly, all submissions will be screened for plagiarism using iThenticate CrossCheck software. By submitting your work you agree to allow IEEE to screen your work. For more information please visit: http://www.crossref.org/crosscheck/index.html.

Manuscript Preparation

Page Length:

Letters will be six pages long, with at most two extra pages allowed at a charge ($175 per extra page). These page limits include everything needed for publication, e.g., figures, tables, and any appendices. DO NOT attempt to submit supplemental text or figures for the letter as multimedia materials or in the Author's Response document; this will be grounds for editorial rejection without review.

Paper Format:

All manuscripts should be submitted in the double column format of the IEEE style file. Instructions and templates (LaTeX or Word) are downloadable from the IEEE "Article Preparation and Submission" section of the IEEE Author Center, together with other useful tools for authors.

For compatibility reasons, the first submission to the Letters will be formatted as a RAS conference manuscript. The final version of an accepted Letter however will have the same editorial style of other RAS journals.

Initial Submission:

If you use LaTeX for preparing a Letter, please download the following files for document preparation: The zipped file pack ieeeconf.zip. This contains the LaTeX class file ieeeconf.cls, a sample LaTeX source file root.tex and the compiled document root.pdf. BiBTeX files IEEEtranBST.zip Guide to use ieeeconf.cls (based on IEEEtrans.cls) IEEEtran_HOWTO.pdf The document should be configured for US Letter paper, using the line `\documentclass[letterpaper, 10 pt, conference]{ieeeconf}` If you use MSWord for preparing a Letter, please download the following files for document preparation MS Word template ieeeconf_letter.dot for US Letter paper Sample Documents ieeeconf_letter.doc and sample_A4.doc When using the IEEE style format, the first (title) page will contain the paper title and each author's name, affiliation, and full address (mailing address, email address, and fax number), with the corresponding author clearly indicated, the abstract (no more than 200 words), the keywords (index terms), and the beginning of the main text of the paper. Do not use a cover page. If a revised version will be resubmitted for a second review, the same format as the initial submission will be used.

Final Submission:

Upon acceptance of the manuscript as a R&A Letter, there are two important tasks for Authors. Notice that Acceptance in RA-L is always conditional on Authors fulfilling the following two requirements WITHIN THE (STRICT) DEADLINE given. Failure to comply with either requirement will lead to disapproval of the final submission, and a request of re-submission. If the deadline passes during these iterations, the paper can still be rejected (and it will indeed be, should it not be ready to appear within 180 days from initial submission). Carefully heed to all technical suggestions from the Editor and reviewers. If required, provide details on what changes were made to the final version in the cover letter. If the changes require significant explanation, you can include a pdf document in the zip file submitted with the source files for the final version Carefully follow the formatting instructions below. Authors must reformat the paper to prepare a camera-ready version to immediately appear as a preprint on Xplore, while the XML-tagged and copy edited version that will eventually be archived is being prepared by IEEE offices. Below you can find detailed instructions on the format for final submission. First you should look at an EXAMPLE of how the final version of your paper should look like. Here is the source code used to generate the example. Please make sure you the exact text below and customize all text bold underlined in the list below. Explanations provided in [bracketed italics] are not to be included; these are for explanation only. Header: IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS. PREPRINT VERSION. ACCEPTED MONTH, YEAR [Provide the month and year in which you are submitting your final version] Paper Title: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) [Replace the placeholder title above with your own paper title] Authors: First A. Author¹, Second B. Author², and Third C. Author¹ ... Footnote sentence 1: Manuscript received: Month Day, Year; Revised: Month Day, Year; Accepted: Month Day, Year. Footnote sentence 2: This paper was recommended for publication by Editor FirstName A. EditorName upon evaluation of the Associate Editor and Reviewers’ comments. [Note that the Editor is the Senior Editor who communicated the decision to you; this is not necessarily the same as the Editor-in-Chief.] Footnote sentence 3 (optional): This work was supported by (organizations/grants that supported the work). Footnote sentences 4, 5, etc.: ¹First Author and Third Author are with School of Engineering, Robotics Department, University of Somewhere, Someland first.author@papercept.net. ²SecondAuthor is with School of Engineering, Automation Department, University of Anywhere, Anyland second.author@papercept.net. Last sentence in footnote: Digital Object Identifier (DOI): see top of this page. [Use the text above verbatim; do not customize because IEEE staff will add the DOI here.] Detailed instructions on how to format your LaTeX or MSWord sources to submit follow: Formatting Final Manuscripts in LaTeX If you use LaTeX, please visit http://ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-article/use-authoring-tools-and-ieee-article-templates/ieee-article-templates/templates-for-transactions/ and download the LaTeX class file ieeetran.clsIn what follows, fields to be customized are shown in `bold underlined` The document should be configured for US Letter paper, using the line `\documentclass[letterpaper, 10 pt, journal, twoside]{ieeetran}` `% Use this command for final RAL version` In your preamble, please comment the command `%\overrideIEEEmargins` `% Comment this command for final RAL version.` `% Use this command for initial and revised RAL versions, and for final conference version` Also, if you have these legacy commands, please comment or remove them `% \pagestyle{empty}` `% \thispagestyle{empty}` `% Comment or remove these lines for final RAL version.` Please add the following lines, customizing the underline italics fields as necessary: `% Paper headers` `\markboth{IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. Preprint Version. Accepted Month, Year}` `{FirstAuthorSurname \MakeLowercase{\textit{et al.}}: ShortTitle}` `% Use only for final RAL version` `% Make room for more info lines in the \author command` `\author{First Author$^{1}$, Second Author$^{2}$, and Third Author$^{1}$%` `\thanks{Manuscript received: Month, Day, Year; Revised Month, Day, Year; Accepted Month, Day, Year.}%Use only for final RAL version` `\thanks{This paper was recommended for publication by Editor Editor A. Name upon evaluation of the Associate Editor and Reviewers' comments.` `This work was supported by (organizations/grants which supported the work.)} %Use only for final RAL version` `\thanks{$^{1}$First Author and Third Author are with School of Engineering, Robotics Department, University of Somewhere, Someland` `{\tt\footnotesize first.author@papercept.net}}%` `\thanks{$^{2} $Second Author is with School of Engineering, Automation Department, University of Anywhere, Anyland` `{\tt\footnotesize second.author@papercept.net}}%` `\thanks{Digital Object Identifier (DOI): see top of this page.}` `}` `% Use only for final RAL version.` In your title line remove any format, e.g. replace \title{\LARGE\bf My Paper Title} with `\title{My Paper Title}` In your text, make sure to put at least two and up to five RAL keywords just beneath the abstract `% Keywords appear just beneath the abstract. Use only for final RAL version.` `\begin{IEEEkeywords}` `List of keywords (from the RA Letters keyword list)` `\end{IEEEkeywords}` and modify the first word of the Introduction to have the nice initial drop letter `% Drop letter for first word of the Introduction` `% Here we have the typical use of a "T" for an initial drop letter` `% and "HIS" in caps to complete the first word.` `\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} is the first sentence of my Introduction. % Use only for final RAL versionFormatting` Formatting Final Manuscripts in MSWord If you use MSWord for preparing the final version of a Letter, you will have to reformat your first submission according to the IEEE Journal template available here. Please add or modify as the template as follows, customizing the underline bold fields as necessary: 1) Use this line as header of first and all even pages: IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS. PREPRINT VERSION. ACCEPTED MONTH, YEAR and use this line as header of all odd pages excluding first: FIRST AUTHOR SURNNAME et al: SHORT TITLE 2) The footnote on the first page should read as follows: Manuscript received: Month Day, Year; Revised Month Day, Year; Accepted Month Day, Year. This paper was recommended for publication by Editor Editor Name upon evaluation of the Associate Editor and Reviewers’ comments. This work was supported by (organizations/grants which supported the work.) ¹First Author and Third Author are with School of Engineering, Robotics Department, University of Somewhere, Someland first.author@papercept.net. ²SecondAuthor is with School of Engineering, Automation Department, University of Anywhere, Anyland second.author@papercept.net. Digital Object Identifier (DOI) : see top of this page. In your text, make sure to put at least two and up to five RAL keywords just beneath the abstract Note: RA Letters do not include biographical sketches nor photographs of authors. Figures, Tables, and References In all submissions, all figures and tables must be numbered and cited in the text. References must be in a separate reference section at the end of the paper, with items referred to by numerals in square brackets. References must be completed in IEEE style as follows: Author(s), first initials followed by last name, title in quotation marks, periodical, volume, inclusive page numbers, month and year. Books: Author(s), first initials followed by last name, title, location, publisher, year, chapter, page numbers. Keywords Selection A list of significant keywords (also named index terms) must be associated with each submitted paper. Select a minimum of 2 up to a maximum of 5 (recommended) keywords during one of the submission steps at the RA-L Papercept site ras.papercept.net/journals/ral. The first two keywords must be chosen from those predefined within the RA-L set. Additional keywords can be selected from the same list. You can also type in freely at most 2 keywords, up to a total of 5. The current list of predefined RA-L keywords can be downloaded here. PDF File Testing As you have noticed in the instructions above, the format of papers for initial and final submissions to RAL are different. The initial submission is in IEEE conference format and must rigidly respect the margins that are enforced by the paperplaza submission system. The final submission of an accepted paper instead has the style and look of an IEEE Journal. For technical reasons, the submission of the final version of yor manuscript might receive warnings from the PDF file test in Paperplaza. These warnings can be safely disregarded, once you have ensured that the IEEE journal settings have been used. Sometimes, PDF files generated with software or operative systems of Far East countries may have a font embedding problem with Chinese/Japanese/Korean fonts. This prevents the paper to be shown on screen or printed correctly with standard Western system configurations. We cannot expect that all reviewers are equipped with software extensions to work properly with such PDF files, slowing down the review process. Therefore, authors should carefully generate their PDF files and are urged to check them before submission by using the web facility accessible at the RA-L PaperCept site https://ras.papercept.net/journals/ral/. The minimum version of acceptable PDF is currently 1.4.Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) Author Names IEEE supports the publication of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) author names in the native language alongside the English versions of the names in the author list of an article. For more information, please visit the IEEE Author Center. Inquiries All pertinent correspondence relating to publications should be sent to the Editor-in-Chief at EiC.RA.Letters@ieee.org. For technical issues regarding manuscript submission, please contact Paperplaza at ral@ras.papercept.net.

Multimedia Materials

RA-L considers also multimedia attachments for material accompanying the submission of a paper. The multimedial materials must be submitted at the same time as the paper. Multimedia materials can include:

videos
dataset files (e.g., raw data with programs to manipulate them)
source code
readme and instruction files

DO NOT submit supplemental text or figures as multimedia materials, as this would circumvent RA-L page limits. Multimedia material is intended to enrich the contents of a paper, both in clarity and in added value, without adding text. IEEE has general guidelines for the submission of multimedia, ranging from the format, to the description of content and of user requirements, and to the way this material should be referenced to in the body of the paper. This information is available in the "Multimedia Materials" section of the IEEE "Author Center" through this link. In preparing multimedia material, it is recommended to follow the general IEEE guidelines right from the initial submission. In addition, specific guidelines hold for the Robotics and Automation Letters:

The paper should be self-contained, i.e., fully readable and understandable independently from the multimedia material.
See the RAS Video Submission Guidelines
A "ReadMe.txt" file (in ASCII text format) should accompany the multimedia material describing:
- Minimum requirements for the user. In particular, provide the version of the software that is required to play/run the submitted files. Include the name of the software, the version number, and any special requirements for the player
- Contact Information. The author should provide contact information in case users have questions regarding the multimedia material (IEEE will not provide any technical support for this)
A "Summary.txt" file (in ASCII text format) succinctly describing the contents, usage and value of all multimedia objects

Authors submit their multimedia material as a single zipped archive file (max 50 MB) during paper submission at the RA-L Papercept site ras.papercept.net/journals/ral. Authors of a RA-L submission with Conference option will also be able to separately upload a 10 MB maximum MPEG video.

The multimedia material will be reviewed together with the submitted paper. Once a paper and its associated multimedia material is accepted, the latter will be available in the RA-L page within IEEE Xplore, side-by-side to the PDF of the paper. For RA-L papers with Conference option that are accepted for presentation at the Conference, a copy of the 10 Mb max. MPEG video will be included in the USB pen distributed at the conference along with the paper PDF file.

Copyright and E-Copyright Form

It is the policy of the IEEE to own the copyright to the technical contributions it publishes on behalf of the interests of the IEEE, its authors, and their employers, and to facilitate the appropriate reuse of this material by others. To comply with U.S. copyright law, authors are required to sign an IEEE copyright transfer form with the final manuscript. For your information, this form is available here. It returns to authors and their employers full rights to reuse their material for their own purposes. Authors of accepted manuscripts should fill the electronic copyright transfer form (E-Copyright) at the time of final submission of the material for publication.

Policies on posting your article online (such as for class use or with arXiv.org) are provided here: https://ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/publish-with-ieee/author-education-resources/guidelines-and-policies/policy-posting-your-article.

Open Access

RA-L policies on Open-Access publishing are the same as general IEEE policies. The majority of all IEEE transactions, journals, and letters offer a hybrid option, which permits both traditional subscription-based content as well as open access, author-pays content. For all hybrid journals, the review process for OA and traditional articles is the same. Any open access papers published within a hybrid journal will be included in all media types offered by that title.

Authors using government research funding or university consortium funding may be required to publish in OA journals; check with your research sponsor about this. In addition, authors may choose to pay to publish open access in order to gain the largest possible audience for their research.

Letters will allow open-access for those authors who require it and who support publishing costs directly. Any communication regarding the Open Access choice will only be entertained after the final decision about publication. The peer-review process is indifferent to articles being OA or not. Reviewers will not know if an article is OA or not. Authors’ commitment to OA is only made after acceptance.

The open access article processing charge (APC) for this publication is USD $2345 for all articles accepted on or after 1 January 2023. Other applicable fees (e.g. over-length paper charges) remain unchanged.

ORCID

All IEEE journals require an Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) for all authors. ORCIDs enable accurate attribution and improved discoverability of an author’s published work. The author will need a registered ORCID in order to submit a manuscript or review a proof in this journal.Follow these steps to link a PaperCept account to a registered ORCID. Note that PINs from different sub-domains can be linked to a single ORCID.

Go to the start page of the PaperCept subdomain where you have an existing PIN (if you do not have one, please create one by following the PIN link from the PaperCept subdomain of interest).
If you do not already have an ORCID, follow the link “Register an ORCID,” create an ORCID and return to the PaperCept login page.
Follow the link “Register your ORCID with any of your PaperCept PINs,” enter your registered email or the ORCID and password and then click on Authorize.
Once you authorize the ORCID to be linked to your PIN you will be returned to the PaperCept subdomain from where you accessed ORCID.
Follow “Log in to any account associated with this ORCID” to complete associating your PIN to the ORCID.
If you have inadvertently created multiple PINs in the same subdomain, you can associate all PINs with the same ORCID.

Human Subjects and Animals

Starting in 2021, IEEE journals are required to confirm that authors have approval or exemption for research involving human subjects or animals. You may not submit a manuscript without providing this confirmation in the submission process. The IEEE Publication Services and Products Board (PSPB) Operations Manual, Section 8.1.1.E., states: "Authors of articles reporting on research involving human subjects or animals shall confirm upon submission of an article to the Editor whether or not an approval was obtained from a relevant Review Board (or equivalent local/regional review). If such an approval was obtained, the original source and reference shall be provided to the Editor at the time of submission and shall appear in the article."

During the submission process, the author will be asked: "Did this research involve either human subjects or animals?". If the author answers Yes, they will be asked: "If yes, was approval obtained from a relevant review board (or local/regional equivalent)?" with possible responses of (1) "Yes. All approval details must be described in detail in the box below, as well as included in the manuscript." or (2) "Not applicable. This research is exempt. The reasoning or details of exemption must be detailed in the box below as well as included in the manuscript." A text box is provided for the author to enter the requested details. The following information should be included in both the text box and the manuscript itself: the name of institution, the name of the IRB/IACUC/ethics board that determined the approval or exemption, the date of approval/exemption.